This section contains a selection of my published work, nominations to the National Register of Historic Places, as well as selected keynotes and lectures. Where legal considerations allow, I have provided links where you can read and/or download my work. Please, scroll down to review.
PUBLISHED WORK
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Casas jíbaras: Anotaciones sobre arquitectura y tradición en Puerto Rico
Annotations on Architecture and Tradition in Puerto Rico Polimorfo: Journal of the School of Architecture at the Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico No. 4, 2017 published in Spanish peer reviewed Abstract:
From 1943 to 1958 Puerto Rico engaged in a rapid socio-economic transformation that, framed within the political context of its then association with the United States, necessarily led to multiple transactions. Among them, the negotiations of cultural imaginaries in country geared towards a modernization brought about through the abandonment of agriculture as an economic engine and social scenario. Modernization drove the liquidation of certain values and customs which were associated with primitiveness or pre-modernity. Facing such an antagonistic and potentially destructive panorama, national identity appeared as a rescuing device in which a system of symbolic representations and salvageable narratives formalized the idea of (a supposed) stability and continuity. Eric Hobsbawm has named the fetishization of certain symbols taken repeatedly from the past in order to balance the dangerous dynamics prescribing disappearance, during those processes of rapid change, as the invented traditions. In addition, Benedict Anderson has defined the nation as "a politically imagined community." In Latin America, Néstor García Canclini notes in populist discourse the basis for outlining tradition or localness as that which is popular (of the people) from images and narratives taken from rural knowledge –but designed by political and intellectual elites. This research considers the peasant house and its invention as sign of identity, cultural reference, and image of localness in Puerto Rico within the (incomplete) transition towards modernity. It proposes an alternative reading to the analysis of the local as framed by the discourse of modern architecture –not so tied to climate or to territorial considerations as Regionalism. |
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El hotel Caribe Hilton y la negociación [ambivalente] de imaginarios culturales
en el contexto [colonial] de una isla-puente Imaginarios de modernidad y tradición: Arquitectura del siglo XX en América Latina Catherine R. Ettinger (coord.) Miguel Ángel Porrúa librero-editor, Mexico (2015) published in Spanish peer reviewed Abstract:
A government sponsored architecture that is inscribed within the complex dynamics of colonialism can not be otherwise but political. In this essay I analyze some of the ways in which modern architecture assisted in the consolidation of Puerto Rico as other. In addition, I look at how an island-colony dubbed the bridge between the Americas –and later, the showcase for democracy–, sometimes repositioned itself by trying to temporarily break away from its definition as subaltern. Scholars have interpreted the Caribe Hilton hotel as an architectural representation of Puerto Rican identity. Here, I propose an alternative reading in suggesting ambivalence, or the conscious and/or unconscious shapeshifting between otherness and sameness as the basis for the construction of a fictional model for identification more fixed on the abstract idea of the tropics. My argument is that such a performative identity took advantage of environmental conditions as signifying elements that were not as problematic since at the time, Puerto Ricans could not openly declare cultural idiosyncrasies nor display any national symbols because within the colonial system of domination this was deemed illegal. Ambivalence, however, allowed for an image of identity that could play in-between tactics for pacific negotiations. Architecture seems to have been crucial in such instrumentations. |
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Gabriel Bérriz: La poética del concepto
The Poetics of the Idea Gabriel Bérriz: Poeta del Paisaje / Poet of Landscape
Pedro Reina and Luz Marie Rodríguez Priscilla and Federico Sutbbe Foundation and Fist_Art Foundation, Dorado (2013) published in Spanish and English Abstract:
Gabriel Bérriz is one of the many Cuban professionals in exile who have contributed to the built environment in Puerto Rico. In 2008 he was named Honorary Architect by Puerto Rico's Association of Architects and Landscape Architects. However, as he declares, landscape design had simply been an excuse for embarking into a personal search in connection with nature by creating emotionally impactful beauty. This work shows and interprets some of Bérriz's most important projects and ideas, linking them with major modern thinkers. After numerous interviews one thing became clear: Bérriz sees himself as an artist of the senses. For him, landscape design is simply an artistic argument that employs the resources of nature as a means of expression. In addition, he is a strong conceptual thinker who's designs are obviously articulations –and aesthetic manipulations– which make no pretense of hiding their artifices, while at the same time taking advantage of the expressiveness of nature already present on the sites. In his gardens, Bérriz shares his own emotions and conveys them through the organic language of plants, water, and stones. His gardens are lyrical creations that seek to communicate beauty –and that is also the definition of poetry. |
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To Be for (an)other: The Caribe Hilton or ambivalence as presence in a United States Colony
The Territories of Identity: Architecture in the Age of Evolving Globalization
Soumyen Bandyopadhyay and Guillermo Garma Montiel Routledge, London (2013) published in English peer reviewed Abstract:
This study highlights the support modern discourse and architectural aesthetics received in Latin America through its political and cultural institutions and constructs. In Puerto Rico nationalism was a problematic concept; an international aesthetic was thus, partly adopted to avoid the representation of Puerto Rico as nation. Approaching the problem for a postcolonial perspective, the Caribe Hilton hotel (1946-1949) appears to have been pivotal in the political and cultural negotiations between the Island and the United States. Within the scope of "colonial mimicry" advanced by Homi Bhabha, I argue that internationalism worked as the equalizer to the metropolis, while tropicalism was another mechanism to (re)create an exploited image of difference. Adapted from the Introduction - Beyond the (Post)Colonial: Fragmented Identities in the Age of Globalization, by Bandyopadhyay and Garma Montiel |
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Crono-breviario de un dilema inconcluso de la vivienda asequilble
Entorno: Revista del Colegio de Arquitectos y Arquitectos Paisajistas de Puerto Rico Journal of the Architects and Landscape Architects Association Year 7, Vol. 2, No. 21 (2012) published in Spanish peer reviewed Abstract:
According to statistics from the Federal Government, an affordable house is one that requires an investment of no more than 30% of a family's annual income. In Puerto Rico, for about 45% of the population, the average yearly household income fluctuates between twelve and fourteen thousand dollars. Thus, in the current poverty scale of the United States, almost half the families in Puerto Rico fall under the "extreme poverty" benchmark. Although the public policy framing affordable housing often underline social aims, the State is seldom divorced from the economic waves that affect the living prospects of families. However, access to decent housing is one of the fundamental debates of modern societies. Historically, it has been one of the focal point of architectural practice. This short text takes a chronological look in macro perspective –incomplete, of course– at some of the most significant social housing projects in Puerto Rico. It is organized as a narrative time-line of projects connected by the notion of affordability. |
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[Re]visión de la vivienda social en San Juan: Notas sobre la arquitectura para el obrero
(1930s-1950s) Espacios ambivalentes: Historias y olvidos en la arquitectura social moderna Ambivalent Spaces: Memory and Oblivion in Modern Social Architecture Jorge Lizardi Pollock + Martin Schwegmann (eds.) School of Architecture, UPR and Ediciones Callejón, San Juan (2012) published in Spanish Abstract:
Urban and architectural interventions, as well as the ways in which they relate in order to conform a cityscape, may be read as communication devices which "speak" about and for social groups. As explained by Michel Foucault, to think about space it to ponder on the dynamics of power and control that are at play in society. Thus, the multiple housing "experiments" by which slums –one of the most visible icons of marginalization in the city– were to be eradicated during the 20th century can be considered exercises in translation of the relationship between those with power and those without . This analysis develops around the first social housing projects in San Juan, Puerto Rico. Foucault's theories on discipline are useful here in order to demonstrate that further from being innocent philanthropic exercises, these projects worked as panoptic experiments which intended to transform the workers' habits and modify their living culture. That is, they were experiments in domestication. By analyzing the architectural programs, the interior spatial distributions, the design of public and communal spaces, and the site selections I begin to deconstruct the official altruistic discourse of a paternalistic State. In the end, the failure of these projects may be attributed in part to the fact that the same prejudices and stereotypes that they aimed to erase were reproduced in building that were little more than containers for the poor. Very rapidly, the "caseríos" (public housing type) became an institutionalized architectural other. They remain today as recognizable subaltern spaces. |
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El archivo como dispositivo de poder
La descripción archivística en función de la investigación Archivos e investigación: La importancia de la investigación en los archivos y centros de información Yadira Tirado (coord.) ARCHIRED, Puerto Rico Archives Network, San Juan (2012) published in Spanish Abstract:
Archives are fundamental institutions for society. In Puerto Rico, the Archive tends to be romanticized by linking it to memory. However, by acknowledging a cultural turn from a postmodern perspective, defining the Archive in connection to voices seems more appropriate. Given the geopolitical context of Puerto Rico, archival work on the Island can not disregard its colonial history. Neither can it discount the foundational nor the organizational privileges of this political institution for the historically unbalanced and incomplete construction of ourselves. The argument follows that in Puerto Rico we must think archivally in order to drive a theoretical renormalization that can provide new directions, purpose, and visibility to archives as cultural institutions. The essays discusses possible ways in which to reframe contemporary archival work on the Island. By acknowledging documents as cultural signifiers within our colonial structure we may draw new and more relevant approaches for the way records are processed and for how archives are understood. Postmodern theory can provides the support to start a modification of the power structure of the Archive in the Puerto Rican context. For instance, by referencing subaltern voices parallel to those from official narrators we would be able to redefine procedural practice for the three most important archival functions –acquisition, description, and access–. |
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Cuestión de patrimonio: Apuntes sobre la infravaloración de la vivienda pública en Puerto Rico
Patrimonio: Revista de la Oficina Estatal de Conservación Histórica Journal of the State Historic Preservation Office Vol. 2 (2011) published in Spanish Abstract:
Among other conditions, architecture may be recognized from an aesthetic appreciation, from technological parameters, or from functional analysis. Value is given, then, to solutions, innovative thinking, or the buildings' relevance within specific historic contexts. However, while it is usually clear why to preserve, identifying which buildings to put value on is often a more complicated endeavor. Obviously, any patrimonial register requires a selection and so, by default, it also implies some discarding. From the notion of a contrapuntal methodology, it follows that what is dismissed or overlooked becomes essential in order to build a panoramic and inclusive understanding of history and culture. Some cultural critics argue that what is often undervalued requires more attention than what gets highlighted. With only one exception, public housing projects in Puerto Rico have been incorrectly considered to be of no patrimonial interest. However, as a collective, these project are the socio-cultural products of the transformative intentions framed by modernization. Some individual projects evidence as well, the multiple spatial politics in which the social aspirations of the time got translated. Aiming to drive a new understanding of public housing as historic architecture, this analysis grows from an exercise of problematization. It deconstructs the reasons for the undervaluing of public housing and underscores their architectural significance. In order to explain their undeniable place in cultural and architectural history, I discuss the notions of the "historical" and the "patrimonial", the issues of taste, the construction of a "cultural heritage", the connotations associated to the architectural type, and the solutions proposed by modernity. |
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Klumbumbus descubre el trópico: Henry Klumb, Puerto Rico y la modernidad en lo existente
Presencia de las migraciones europeas en la arquitectura latinoamericana del siglo XX Juan Ignacio del Cueto Ruiz-Funes and Henry Vicente Garrido (comp.) Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico (2010) Arquitextos: Vitruvius Brazil/Spain (electronic journal) http://www.vitruvius.com.br/revistas/rad/arquitextos/10.120/3415. published in Spanish peer reviewed Abstract:
In 1927 a young graduate of the Staalische Bauschule in Cologne prepared to travel from Germany to America. Henry Klumb was in search of the true meaning of architecture and his place within the discipline. Conscious of the exploratory spirit that moved him –the same as the old discoverer–, his friends dubbed him Klumbumbus without ever imagining that Klumb's real encounter with the "New World " would happen, in the widest possible sense, seventeen years later. After working with Frank Lloyd Wright (1929-1933) as chief draftsman, taking charge of the 1931 European exhibition of the Lieber Meister's work, and assisting with the foundation of the Taliesin Fellowship, Klumb reached Puerto Rico in 1944. Having left Taliesin in 1933, he worked as architect and planner in several states. Klumb was well regarded by then governor, Rexford Guy Tugwell, as the German-born architect's portfolio included housing projects for the Resettlement Administration –the New Deal agency Tugwell had previously headed. In Puerto Rico, Klumb would begin a very long and successful professional path by leading the Design Section of the Committee on Design of Public Works –where Richard Neutra served as consultant. The Committee is often regarded as the government agency which drove the architectural modernization of the Island. Klumb, who worked more than forty years in Puerto Rico, is considered today the father of the Island's modern architecture. During his career he frequently admitted to Wright's influence as a vigorous guide for his work. The years in Taliesin modeled his approach to architecture under what Wright called organic architecture. In 1955, for instance, Henry Russell Hitchcock noted that Klumb was the only one of Wright's disciples to adopt the North American architect's ideas in a Latin American context. Klumb also, was very critical of what he considered the "intellectual rationalization" of the International Style which in his opinion "reduced architecture to a formula, turning houses into machines to live, pitched roofs into a heresy, and ornament into a crime." I argue that Klumb's architecture in Puerto Rico, more than adopting Wright's theory, frames an adaptation –a translation– driven by the expansion of the concepts and foundational ideas. Klumb's work is often analyzed as an exercise in environmental and functional adaptability, however, what interest me here is to consider the theoretical and conceptual notions that he then translated into architectural solutions. I propose that for Klumb, the tropical emplacement meant much more than a functional consciousness of the environment. The tropics as concept became a design resource from which the spatial and technical solutions first delineated by organic architecture matured. |
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Atajar el Arrabal: Arquitectura y cambio social en la vivienda pública en San Juan
Supressing the Slum! Architecture and Social Change in San Juan's Public Housing San Juan siempre nuevo: Arcquitectura y modernización en el siglo XX Ever New San Juan: Architecture and Modernization in the Twentieth Century Enrique Vivoni Farage (ed.) San Juan 2000 Commission and AACUPR, San Juan (2000) published in Spanish and English Abstract:
As a new century is about to begin, the book reviews the most important architectural interventions that shaped the city of San Juan during the previous one hundred years. The publication aims to put into perspective current problems and issues affecting city life today –urban densification, urban sprawl, transportation, consumerism, tourism, and housing, among others. However, the authors agree that in order to begin drawing informed solutions to the multiple challenges to be faced in the XXIst century, we must start by considering them historically, as they are not new. My contribution represents the first major published review on public housing in Puerto Rico. Historiographically, it is also, one of the first published analysis of the architecture produced for the non-elites. The essay explores the historical development of the public housing type (or the government sponsored projects for workers' housing) in the capitol city of San Juan. The analysis provides a panoramic overview of major projects from the 1920s to the 1950s. |
RESEARCH PROJECTS
for nominations to the National Register of Historic Places
for nominations to the National Register of Historic Places
Scenarios of the New Deal: The Architecture of the Puerto Rico Reconstruction Administration (PRRA), 1935-1943
National Level Multiple Property Nomination
research supported by a grant from the Historic Preservation Fund
2017 - pending review
National Level Multiple Property Nomination
research supported by a grant from the Historic Preservation Fund
2017 - pending review
rural dispensary built in 1937 currently used currently as a private residence
Ciales, PR / 2017 |
As a United States’ colony, Puerto Rico was admitted into the New Deal programs that took place during the 1930s. Therefore, the Keynesian theory on economic rehabilitation that pushed for governmental intervention in order to increase spending and in turn, grow production was also extended to the Island. However, soon it became evident that more than rehabilitation Puerto Rico needed an urgent economic reconstruction.
In macro, the New Deal in Puerto Rico worked within two individual stages. The first, –from 1933 to 1935– under the Puerto Rico Emergency Relief Administration (PRERA), focused on direct aid and work relief. PRERA was a local agency with ties to New Deal’s programs by way of administration of federal funding. However, by 1934, PRERA’s inability to solve the Island’s problems solely by a program in aid was painfully recognized. Each year population growth doubled, unemployment increased, and illness became more rampant as the majority of the population was poor and had no hope for socioeconomic improvement. So, in 1935 President Roosevelt created the Puerto Rico Reconstruction Administration (PRRA) in order to tackle the economic reconstruction of the Island. Contrary to PRERA, PRRA was a federal agency under the Department of the Interior. As a New Deal organization operating in Puerto Rico, PRRA was responsible for all the work handled in the United States by multiple bureaucracies. The Administrator’s office was in Washington, while there were regional administration offices working from San Juan. This, however, changed in 1937-1938 with a shift in command that transferred PRRA’s administrative headquarters to San Juan, leaving a small Washington office strictly as liaison. This historical context frames PRRA’s architectural production. PRRA’s architecture is most significant for several reasons. First, there is its link to the New Deal. Second, it is the product of the first strategically organized island wide efforts in public works mostly focused on the rural areas. Third, PRRA guided the first scaled modernization program for the Island based on the ideas of experimentation and the application of the scientific method to problem solving; architecture was a cornerstone of such endeavor. Linked to this, as Rural Rehabilitation was considered its most important program, PRRA started to change the Island’s countryside as part of the agency’s intention to eliminate all unhygienic peasant huts by replacing them with sanitary and permanent concrete dwellings able to withstand tropical storms and earthquakes. Arguably, then, PRRA’s rural interventions accept interpretation as an experiment for building a new vernacularism. At the same time, in urban areas, PRRA’s objective to clear Puerto Rican cities of slums encompassed beautification efforts within a modernizing and sanitizing urban project. Put simply, PRRA tackled education, health, and safety by building houses, schools, dispensaries and hospitals, police stations, and other public buildings. |
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The Sanctuary of San Martín the Porres: An Impulse in Modernization for the Catholic Church
State Level Single Property Nomination research supported by a grant from the Historic Preservation Fund included in the NRHP in 2017 The Sanctuary of Blessed Martín de Porres (currently the National Sanctuary of San Martín de Porres) is a small single story, flat roofed concrete church with attached sacristy at the end of Oeste Cementerio St. (formerly Comercio St.) in the coast town of Cataño, Puerto Rico. It was designed between 1949 and 1951 for the Dominican Priests as a pilgrimage church and as part of the community services for the Bay View and Bahía suburban residential developments. German- born Taliesin Fellow, Henry Klumb, designed a building in the modern aesthetic where a regional approach was linked to many of the ideas discussed by Frank Lloyd Wright as organic architecture. The architect also followed liturgical and sacramental functions as dictated by doctrinal documents of the Catholic Church. Originally designed as an open church within a tropical landscape with central nave and two lateral chapels –housing the baptistery and the shrine–, in 1966 measures were taken in order to be able to close the building when not in use. Klumb designed then a series of red wood pivot doors and plastic formed vertical louvers for the lateral chapels’ grilles-walls. The building remains in excellent condition. The property maintains historic and architectural integrity, although there have been some alterations. All interventions are reversible.
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Casa Klumb
National Level Single Property Nomination (revision to the 1997 state level nomination)
included in the NRHP in 2010
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As an architect’s home tends to be statement and testimony of his specific understanding of architecture, Henry Klumb's house in Puerto Rico is not an exception. Klumb’s self-confessed adherence to what Frank Lloyd Wright termed throughout multiple writings organic architecture is well documented in his archive. However, he did not use the theory verbatim, as Klumb himself often stressed. Instead, the architect expanded on Organicism by an effort of translation where he ended up creating his own architectural dialect. In addition, taking into consideration contemporary approaches structured around sustainability and environmentalism, it could be argued that Klumb was one of the first architectural ecologists since due to his preference for passive technology in the achievement of comfort, his philosophy certainly fits in what is termed today “green architecture”. At the same time, aware of the meanings of materials from the socio-economic standpoint, Klumb used to point to the fact that his house was built out of the same wood and corrugated metal as the most humble huts in the slums. Most significant is the fact that Klumb did not demolish the nineteenth century hacienda type house he bought in 1947, deciding instead to recycle it by reworking its spaces through a process of subtraction in order to fit his very specific idea of modern tropical living.
The house currently known as Casa Klumb was considered in 1997 to meet the National Register of Historic Places criteria as a statewide significant property under criterion C. Research I have conducted over the years now supports its national level significance as Casa Klumb is, on one hand, the creative result of Henry Klumb’s Taliesin period and on the other, the architectural laboratory where the architect developed much of his particular design philosophy. As noted before, Klumb's philosophy of architecture expanded on Wright’s ideas on organic architecture, while taking into account the particular ecological, social, and economic conditions of Puerto as design resources as opposed to problems. From 1929 to 1933 Klumb established a professional relationship with Frank Lloyd Wright which started at Ocatillo and the design for the San Marcos in the Desert hotel in Arizona. In Taliesin, Klumb eventually became chief draftsman, contributing to several projects including Wright’s 1931 European exhibition and the initial development of the Fellowship. After leaving Wright, Klumb’s association with the New Deal through the Office of Indian Affairs is most significant. His 1944 arrival in Puerto Rico marks the beginning of a new architectural direction for the Island, both aesthetic and theoretical –eventually followed by many of his peers. Klumb's house became a most recognizable example of a true modern habitat for the tropics. Klumb’s architectural catalogue, with projects spanding 40 years of active work in Puerto Rico and the US Virgin Islands, as well as the fact that he was regarded as the primere modern architect in Puerto Rico at a time when the Island had colonial ties with the mainland, justifies his national recognition. This supports his work’s significance and that of his house also, under criterion B. |
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KEYNOTES AND LECTURES
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2017 “Scenarios of the New Deal: The Architecture of the Puerto Rico Reconstruction Administration (PRRA), 1935-1943,” July 26, State Historic Preservation Office, Cuartel de Ballajá, San Juan. 2016 “A Conversation with the National Archives of the Dominican Republic,” November 18, Graduate School of Information Sciences and Technologies, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras. “Santuario San Martín de Porres: El impulso modernizador en la Iglesia Católica,” September 21, State Historic Preservation Office, Cuartel de Ballajá, San Juan. “Neoliberlismo en ínsula: Políticas urbanas, crisis arquitectónica y gestión de la no-ciudad en el Puerto Rico del siglo XXI,” April 14, Conferencias sobre temas urbanos: Visualizando problemas urbanos en la cotidianidad puertorriqueña, Department of Social Sciences, Applied Social Research Center and National Institute of Energy and Sustainability, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez. 2015 “Apuntes sobre arquitectura e investigación,” May 28, School of Architecture, Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico, San Juan. “Administración de preservación: Algunos retos,” May 25, Practice Community Forum: Preservación y conservación de colecciones: Retos y experiencias, School of Architecture, University of Puerto Rico. 2014 “Leer la ciudad: Reflexiones sobre el [des]habitar metropolitano,” February 3, keynote lecture in the interdisciplinary conference: Leer la ciudad: Jornadas de urbanismo, periodismo y arquitectura, Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico, Ponce. 2013 “El Hotel Caribe Hilton y la negociación [ambivalente] de imaginarios culturales en el contexto [colonial] de una isla-puente,” June 14, keynote lecture at the international symposium: Imaginarios de modernidad y tradición: Arquitecturas americanas del siglo XX, Universidad Michoacana San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexico. “Richard Neutra and Henry Klumb as Colonial Negotiators: Thoughts on the Modernization of Puerto Rico through the Committee on Design of Public Works,” February 7, Savannah Symposium: Modernities Across Time and Space, Savannah College of Art and Design, Savannah, Georgia. 2012 “Cuestión de patrimonio: Apuntes sobre la infravaloración de la vivienda pública en Puerto Rico,” International Symposium: Hacia una nueva visión de la preservación histórica, siglo XXI, May 25, School of Architecture, Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico, Ponce. “Ambivalencia como presencia: Arquitectura y modernización in Puerto Rico,” March 12, keynote lecture, Department of Art History, Faculty of Humanities, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras. 2011 “La Red 2.0 y la difusión de archivos: Un modo de atraer la comunidad,” December 1, Center for Puerto Rico, Río Piedras. “Escenarios urbanos / imagen de ciudad: Un acercamiento al [des]habitar San Juan,” October 21, keynote lecture sponsored by the Gender Studies Program, General Studies Faculty and Sala-Teatro Beckett, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras. “Anotaciones sobre la Red 2.0: Los efectos de la conectividad para los archivos de la Universidad de Puerto Rico,” March, V Iberoamerican Congress on University Archives, Interamerican University of Puerto Rico, Metropolitan Campus, San Juan. 2010 “Paisajes modernos: Revisiones a la arquitectura de la ‘transformación’ - Henry Klumb en la Universidad de Puerto Rico (1945-1965) y otras intervenciones en obra existente,” November, DoCoMoMo Seminar: Design and Construction Forum, Architects and Landscape Architects Association, Santurce. “Sobre ‘Signs Taken for Wonders: Questions of Ambivalence and Authority under a Tree Outside Delhi, May 1817’ por Homi Bhabha y su utilidad para pensar sobre el análisis de la arquitectura en Puerto Rico,” October, keynote lecture, Afternoons of Theory and Criticism, Hispanic Studies Seminar, Faculty of Humanities, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras. “Estrategias de planificación para proyectos de preservación archivística: De la preparación a la implantación,” June, Puerto Rico Archives Network Forum: Paleografía, diplomática y preservación de los fondos documentales, Juncos Municipal Theater. “[Re]visión de la vivienda social en Puerto Rico: Notas sobre la arquitectura para el obrero,” April, International Symposium: Vivir y pensar la comunidad moderna: Historia de la vivienda social, 1938-1968, School of Architecture, University of Puerto Rico and Architects and Landscape Architects Association, Santurce. 2009 “To Be or To Be for An[other]? The Caribe Hilton and the Negotiations of the Ontological in a United States’ Colony,” September 9, 2009 Architectural Design and Global Difference Conference: The Multiple Faces of Identity, Nottingham Trent University, UK. “El archivo como dispositivo de poder,” September, Puerto Rico Archives Network Forum: Archivos e investigación, Luis Muñoz Marín Foundation, San Juan. “La organización archivística en función de la investigación,” September, Puerto Rico Archives Network Forum: Archivos e investigación, Luis Muñoz Marín Foundation, San Juan. “[Re]pensar la ruina: Arquitectura, imagen e identificación,” April, Symposium: Pensar en ruinas, Humanities Department, General Studies Faculty, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras. 2008 “Hotel Caribe Hilton: Del discurso colonial a la arquitectura híbrida,” September, keynote lecture at the Superior School of Engineering and Architecture in Tecamachalco, National Polytechnic Institute of Mexico. 2006 “Henry Klumb, Toro-Ferrer y la arquitectura moderna en Puerto Rico [1940s-1950s],” February, Superior Technical School of Architecture of Barcelona, Spain. |
PRESENTATIONS ACCEPTED BUT NOT DELIVERED
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2016
Negociaciones coloniales: Planificación, modernización y urbanización en Puerto Rico,” Iberoamerican Congress on Urban History, Iberoamerican Association of Urban History and the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, November 23-25, Santiago, Chile. 2010 “Janus in the Tropics: Henry Klumb and the Modern University (Puerto Rico 1945-1965),” 11th International DoCoMOMo Conference: Living the Urban Modernity, August 19-27, Mexico City. 2009 “Klumbumbus descubre el Trópico: Henry Klumb, Puerto Rico y la modernidad en lo existente,” Presencia de las migraciones europeas en la arquitectura latinoamericana del siglo XX in the 53rd International Congress of Americanists, July 19-24, Mexico City. Research was published (see works published). 2007 “Caribe Hilton: Del discurso colonial hacia una arquitectura para la identificación,” XII Seminar of Latin American Architecture, November 12-17, Concepción, Chile. |